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Cost-effectiveness of Integrating Falls Prevention into Primary Healthcare in Rural China: Findings from the FAMILY trial
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Introduction Falls and fall-related injuries are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for older adults. China’s rapidly aging population and ever-growing demands for available resources has highlighted the need for falls-prevention programs that deliver value for money. FAMILY, a 12-month cluster randomised controlled trial conducted in 128 Chinese rural villages involving 2610 community-dwelling older adults demonstrated that a balance and functional exercise program integrated in the primary healthcare system reduced falls. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the
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Hospital falls clinical practice guidelines: a global analysis and systematic review
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Introduction Hospital falls across the globe continue to rise and are responsible for significant patient harm and economic costs to health services. Clinical practice guidelines aim to reduce falls rates through the provision of up-to-date evidenced based recommendations. There is a need to identify and systematically evaluate hospital falls clinical practice guidelines on falls prevention and management across the globe. Method A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and published protocol. Eight
Health Inequities and Fall Risk: Analyzing the Association of the PROGRESS-PLUS Model and the Algorithm Proposed by the WFG
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Introduction: Although global guidelines for fall prevention and management in older adults exist, using the algorithm from the World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management for Older Adults (WFG) in low- and middle-income countries is little explored. Evaluating the association between health inequities and fall risk can guide more effective and equitable interventions. The obhective of this study was to assess the association between health inequities, as defined by the PROGRESS-PLUS model, and fall risk according to the algorithm proposed by the WFG in older Brazilian adults. Methods
Motor Skill Acquisition of Safe Falling and Landing as a Strategy for Fall Injury Prevention Across the Adult Life Span
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Background: Falls represent a major public health and occupational safety concern across the adult lifespan, with both incidence and injury severity increasing with age. Data from Afa Insurance, which insures approximately 90% of the Swedish workforce, show that workers aged 55 years and older have a twofold increased risk of sustaining fall-related injuries leading to more than 30 days of sick leave. As statutory retirement ages continue to rise, the proportion of older individuals exposed to occupational and daily-life fall hazards is expected to increase further. Despite extensive efforts
Falling through the guidelines: Brain computed tomography findings in the elderly, A DGH experience
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Introduction Falls remain one of the leading causes of emergency department attendance among older adults in England. In 2023/2024 alone, approximately 220,000 emergency admissions were attributed to falls, with mortality from accidental falls continuing to rise despite an overall reduction in incidence. Frail patients frequently present with multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and delirium or dementia, often resulting in a reduced Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score unrelated to acute trauma. Current NICE guidelines for head injury assessment may inadvertently lead to over-imaging in this cohort. This
Linking Fall-Risk Scores with Wearable Sensor Metrics in Older Adults from the DARE-FALLSPREDICT studies: Preliminary Findings
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Falls are a leading cause of injury and disability in older adults, yet current predictors have limited accuracy. Continuous monitoring of activity, sleep, and heart rate (HR), combined with clinical assessments such as FRAT-up (Cattelani et al, JMIR, 2015) and the World Falls Guidelines (WFG) score (Montero-Odasso et al, Age Ageing, 2022), may improve personalized fall-risk identification. DARE-FALLSPREDICT and DARE-FALLSPREDICT-GP are ongoing single-center studies recruiting older adults (> 65 y) in Italy, respectively at hospital discharge or from the general population. Participants wear a
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Correlation of Neuro-Qol Lower Extremity Function with legacy scores in older patients after hip fracture: influence of falls
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Introduction Scales for measuring quality of life and functionality are transforming to allow patients to describe how they perceive their health status. In this study, we aimed to use technology to evaluate whether the Neuro-QoL-Lower Extremity Function-CAT (NQoL-CAT) correlates with traditional functional assessment scales (Barthel Index and Functional Ambulation Classification-FAC) in elderly patients with hip fractures and check how history of falls affects it. Method Prospective study that included patients over 69 years admitted to the orthogeriatric unit for 12 months. Sociodemographic
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Navigating Life After a Fall: Experiences of Older Adults and Family Members Following Emergency Care
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Introduction Falls are a leading cause of morbidity among older adults and a common reason for emergency department (ED) attendance. Older adults presenting after a fall are at increased risk of recurrent falls; however, fall prevention and follow-up care after ED discharge are often fragmented. Understanding the experiences of both older adults and their relatives is essential to identify unmet needs and inform improvements in post-fall care. This study aimed to explore experiences of older adults and family members following an ED visit after a fall. Method A qualitative study design was
Unrecovered falls in older adults – Current state of the art and preliminary analysis from the TRAIL study
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Introduction: Frail older adults who fall are often unable to get up without assistance. Such “unrecovered falls” (URFs) occur more frequently than injurious falls yet are particularly critical, as prolonged lying episodes significantly increase the risk of adverse health outcomes. Involving the assisting person in URF assessment may help reduce recall bias in self-reported falls. Because URFs are both common and clinically meaningful, they may serves as an efficient outcome measure, allowing for smaller sample sizes in fall prevention trials compared with those relying on injurious falls
Age- and Fall-Risk–Related Differences in Reactive Balance Responses
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Reactive balance control is critical for fall prevention. The ReBalance study examined trunk, hip, and knee range of motion (ROM) from inertial sensors (Trigno, Delsys) during anterior, posterior, right, and left tilting perturbations with triangular (TRIANG) and trapezoidal (TRAPZ) acceleration profiles, in order to reveal age- and risk-related differences in young adults (N=10, 29.4 ± 5.3 years, 40% female) and older adults at low (N=26, 73.4 ± 7.0 years, 40% female) and high (N=25, 79.7 ± 7.4 years, 60% female) fall risk. Fall risk was assessed using FRAT-up (Cattelani et al, JMIR, 2015)
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Association between IMU-derived Gait Parameters and 12-month Falls after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Preliminary Study
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Introduction Falls after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remain a clinically important issue. Previously, we reported that inertial measurement units (IMUs) can quantify early postoperative alterations in gait characteristics, including variability, regularity, and smoothness, but their association with subsequent falls is unclear. This preliminary study examined whether IMU-derived gait parameters measured 3 weeks after TKA for knee osteoarthritis (OA) were associated with falls during the first 12 months after surgery. Method Forty patients aged ≥60 years undergoing primary TKA for knee OA
Implementation of pharmacist falls clinic recommendations in primary care
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Introduction A multidisciplinary falls clinic was established where patients are reviewed by a nurse, physiotherapist, and pharmacist and interventions made to reduce the risk of falls. The pharmacist conducts a structured medication review and fracture risk assessment (FRAX) and provides recommendations to the patient and their GP. The aim of this project was to evaluate the number and type of recommendations made by the pharmacist and whether they are implemented in general practice. Method Patients were included if they attended the falls clinic between 1/1/24 and 1/7/24. Data on
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Managing “long lies” after falls in care homes: early qualitative findings from a mixed-methods study
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Introduction Falls are a major public health problem, costing an estimated £2.3 billion annually in the UK. In older age, falls may leave people unable to get up even with assistance. Without life-threatening symptoms, calls may be triaged as low priority and people may remain on the floor (“long lie”), risking dehydration, pressure injury, muscle damage and psychological distress. This study explored how residential and nursing homes manage residents after a fall while awaiting emergency response. Method Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 15 managers of residential and
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A feasibility RCT of a digital programme to prevent falls and improve well-being in people living with dementia
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Introduction: Falls are common and costly for people living with Dementia (PLwD). “Keep on Keep up (KOKU),” (https://kokuhealth.com/ [kokuhealth.com]) is a UK National Health Service (NHS) approved tablet-based, digital gamified programme with strength and balance exercises and health literacy games specifically designed WITH older people FOR older people at risk of falls [1]. KOKU-LITE is a dementia-friendly accessible version of KOKU that has been co-developed WITH people living with dementia to suit their needs. This trial aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of KOKU-LITE
Approaching Falls in Bromley care homes: Doing more vs doing most?
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Introduction Falls account for 27% of ambulance conveyances to hospital from care homes and Extra Care Housing (ECH) in Bromley, despite ongoing falls prevention and management efforts under the Enhanced Health in Care Homes Framework. In March 2025, a system-wide quality improvement programme was designed to super-charge falls prevention, reduce hospital attendance and improve post-fall care. Methods A multidisciplinary network (care home teams, GPs, community services, acute hospital, and ambulance teams) co-designed the Falls Campaign. This enabled risk stratification of falls and sequelae
Frailty predicts incident falls in community living older adults: a cohort study
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Introduction Frailty, a cumulative decline in physiological systems, is associated with adverse health outcomes including falls. Falls are a significant global public health concern, contributing to morbidity and mortality in older persons, and for frail individuals, can lead to serious damage and psychosocial issues. While a strong association between frailty and falls is consistently demonstrated, there remains a paucity of literature specifically exploring these dynamics in a longitudinal framework. Objectives This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between
Falls documented after personal emergency alarm call-outs in Iceland: 12-month frequency, causes, circumstances and consequences
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Introduction: Responder-completed reports after personal emergency alarm call-outs can provide actionable information for fall prevention. This study aimed to assess 12-month fall frequency and describe causes, circumstances, and consequences among alarm users in Iceland, comparing users with and without documented falls. Methods: A retrospective study of users with continuous alarm service for 12 months and reimbursement from Icelandic Health Insurance (N=765). Alarm-service and insurance data were linked to identify responder-documented falls (falls/year; ≥1; ≥2) and user characteristics
Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Pilot Group Program to Reduce Falls Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Frailty
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Introduction Falls among older adults living with frailty represent a significant public health concern. This pilot study evaluated a six-week, multidisciplinary team (MDT)-led group intervention delivered in a day hospital setting providing comprehensive geriatric assessment. The program targeted community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years with a Clinical Frailty Scale [CFS] score of 4–5. Group sessions (90 minutes weekly) comprised of education, exercise, and social engagement. Educational topics provided included frailty, falls prevention, nutrition, physical and cognitive health, social
Machine learning-based fall risk assessment using gait data
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Introduction: Falls affect approximately 30% of older adults annually and represent a major public health burden. Existing research has developed standardised tests for fall risk (FR) assessment or correlated movement tests with fall events using machine learning (ML). However, there is a lack of studies including large and heterogeneous populations to test the generalisability of different ML methods. The aim of this study was to compare gait analysis-based classification of FR using ML with comprehensive, established tests in a large multicentre cohort. Methods: A total of 443 participants
Developing a Chinese version of adapted Integrating Lifestyle Functional Exercise (CLiFE) Programme and Testing its Feasibility
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Introduction Adapted lifestyle-integrated exercise (aLiFE) programme, which seamlessly integrates balance and strength exercises into daily routines, is an alternative exercise intervention for falls prevention. This study aims to develop a Chinese version of aLiFE (CLiFE) and test its feasibility. Method There are four stages: Stage 1 involved focus groups and individual interviews to explore initial perceptions of the aLiFE programme; Stage 2 used an advisory PPIE to draft the CLiFE programme; Stage 3 performed a four-week pre–post feasibility study, followed by follow-up interviews in Stage
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