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Primary prevention of fragility fractures in general practice

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Sophia Moschkau1
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Introduction Management of fragility fractures was estimated to have cost the NHS £4.4 billion in 2022. As the incidence of fragility fracture is predicted to rise along with the increase in population over age 65 in the UK, primary prevention is a necessary avenue to reduce its economic, social, and environmental impacts. Current best practice in the UK suggests that any female aged over 65 and male over 75 is at high risk of osteoporosis and should be assessed for the need for prevention of fragility fractures, including a QFracture 10-year risk calculation. Management for those identified

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Improving Safe Opioid Prescribing in the Peri-Operative Period

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Vidhya Nair1, May Nyein Oo2, Theint Shwe Yi Win3, Myo Zaw4
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Background Data were collected in the older adults with neck of femur and distal femur fractures on Orthogeriatric wards, Leeds General Infirmary. Introduction Older adults undergoing surgery are particularly vulnerable to opioid-related harm due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics, multiple morbidity, frailty, and poly pharmacy. Variation and inconsistency of peri-operative opioid relating to dose selection, complications and duration were identified resulting potentially avoidable complications including delirium, constipation, prolonged recovery times. Data from the first cycle
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Network analysis identifies age-specific clusters of multimorbidity, disability, social participation, and falls

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R BLASI1; D LEME2; M SANTOS1; M SANTIMARIA3; M PERRACINI1,4; C LIMA1; F BORIM1,4
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Introduction: The onset and coexistence of chronic diseases during aging are associated with adverse outcomes, including disability, restriction of social participation, and falls. Although chronological age is often treated as a confounding variable in epidemiological models, evidence remains limited on how multimorbidity patterns are structured across different age groups. This study aimed to identify clusters of multimorbidity and examine their associations with disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), restriction of social participation, and falls across age groups
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Falls incidence and characteristics in bilateral vestibulopathy: relationships with age, concerns about falls and balance

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Meichan Zhu
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Introduction: Bilateral vestibulopathy (bilateral loss of vestibular function; BVP) significantly impairs balance, leading to an elevated falls risk. Age, balance performance and concerns about falling may further exacerbate these issues. This study describes fall incidence characteristics among people with BVP and relates these to age, concern about falling and objective balance performance. Method: 51 participants with BVP completed a standardised 12-month fall history questionnaire, the Falls Efficacy Scale–International (FES-I) and the Mini-BESTest to collect data on fall incidents, causes

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Evidence-Based Design Principles for Safer Stairs: The Role of Geometry, Surface Performance, and Visual Definition

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Tim Hayes & Dr Diane Luther
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Stair-related falls remain a major contributor to slip, trip and fall (STF) incidents across the built environment, representing a significant public health, legal, and economic challenge. Epidemiological data consistently show that stairs are a high-risk transitional element within buildings, with injuries frequently resulting from a combination of geometric inconsistency, inadequate visual definition, insufficient slip resistance, and suboptimal user support. This paper synthesises established research, regulatory guidance, and applied industry knowledge to examine the principal design and
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Older adults admitted to intensive care with traumatic brain injury experience inferior mobility outcomes: a service evaluation

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Fiona Howroyd 1 2, James Hodson 1, Niharika A Duggal 2, Zubair Ahmed 1 2, Jonathan Weblin 1
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Introduction The incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults requiring admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) is increasing. Early ICU mobilisation is recommended, however, the effect of age on mobilisation practices after TBI remains poorly understood. This service evaluation aimed to describe ICU mobilisation activity and outcomes by age in patients with TBI. Methods A single-centre retrospective service evaluation was conducted, including all adults admitted to the ICU with TBI between January 2022 and November 2024 (CARMS ID-22399). Demographics, ICU admission
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Developing a Scotland-wide, HECTOR course: Improving patient-centred care of older adults affected by major trauma in Scotland

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Emily Foster1; Sarah Turpin2; Laura Stewart3; Joel Burton4;Claire McLean5
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Introduction: HECTOR is a 2 day SIM based course that originated in Birmingham, and is designed to train healthcare professionals to deliver patient centred care for older people who have sustained traumatic injuries. Our goal was to develop "HECTOR Scotland" (an adapted course to fit Scottish guidelines) to allow those across the major trauma networks in Scotland to access the course, and to grow a Scotland based multi-disciplinary faculty. Method: The first HECTOR Scotland was delivered in March 2023, with an initial faculty of six (5 doctors and 1 nurse). Since then, 7 further courses have

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Reducing Falls through targeted Sarcopenia Management: Findings from an MDT Sarcopenia Clinic from Qatar

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 I MUNEEB 1; Dr Hanadi Al Hamad 1; AL ANOUD FEHAIDI 1; S KANNU1; S Khan 1
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Introduction: Sarcopenia is recognized as a correlate of ageing and is associated with increased likelihood of adverse outcomes such as decreased mobility, impaired standing balance, functional decline, Falls and Frailty. To address age related Sarcopenia, an MDT clinic was established in Rumailah hospital which brought expertise from Geriatricians, Physiotherapists and Clinical Dietitians. Methods: The Sarcopenia clinic enrolled older adults (>60 years) in the and assessments included SARC-F, handgrip dynamometry, frailty measurements, SPPB, TUG, and BIA. Interventions comprised CGA
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Improving inpatient falls reviews: a quality improvement project at the University Hospital

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K. Murray1, E.Mwenda2, S.Rees3, M. Devindan4
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Introduction Inpatient falls occur frequently with over 27,000 falls reported in Scottish hospitals annually (1). Inpatient falls can lead to adverse health-related outcomes and increased healthcare-related spending in older people. A thorough post falls assessment, as recommended by The World Falls Guidelines Task Force, is vital to characterise the fall and any preceding factors, ensure injuries are not missed and prevent further falls (2). Structuring medical records can improve patient outcomes and doctors’ performance (3). Our overall aim was to improve inpatient falls assessment and
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Evaluate Silver Trauma Risk Factors in Older People Undergoing CT Polytrauma

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S Siu 1; D Sebastian 1; V Shenoy Bellare 1; T Lewis 1; C Bronze 1; N Marriage 1
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Introduction Older people are at increased risk of significant injury following low-energy trauma and may present without physiological compromise. This can lead to under-recognition of injury and delayed management. The Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital (NNUH) Emergency Department uses an adopted Silver Trauma triage tool incorporating multiple clinical risk factors to guide senior review and CT polytrauma imaging. However, the predictive value of individual risk factors within this tool remains uncertain. This project aimed to evaluate the performance of individual risk factors in
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Hypomagnesemia: An Overlooked Cause of Delirium and Cardiac Complications in an Elderly Patient

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K CHERRY PHYO1; Z KYAW2; T THYN3
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Abstract Delirium is a frequent complication in elderly patients and is often multifactorial, with electrolyte imbalances representing a major contributor. While sodium, potassium, and calcium disorders are commonly evaluated, hypomagnesemia is an overlooked but clinically significant cause of both neurological and cardiac manifestations. Magnesium is essential for neuronal stability, neurotransmitter regulation, and calcium channel modulation. Its deficiency can lead to neuropsychiatric symptoms, arrhythmias, and myocardial injury. We report the case of an 81-year-old woman who presented with
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Implementing an Orthogeriatric Multidisciplinary Team Grand Round to Improve Multidisciplinary Care for Older Trauma patients

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T Idris1, P Sarda1, S Colman1, S Boswell1, D Moll1, R Ranadive2, G Pyakurel1
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Introduction Older adults admitted with femoral fragility fractures require coordinated multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach. On a 33-bed orthopaedic trauma ward with predominantly older people with frailty, MDT identified systemic challenges causing prolonged length of stay and suboptimal patient experience. Key issues included fragmented MDT processes, duplication between board rounds and ward reviews, delays in investigations and decision-making, inconsistent communication with patients and families, and frequent outlying of patients to other wards. Although national guidance emphasises
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Improving Early Delirium Recognition Through Structured 4AT Integration

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R Gurung; P Gurung; Z Iftikhar; K Karunatilake
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Introduction: Delirium affects up to one in four older adults admitted to hospital and is associated with increased mortality, prolonged admission and long-term cognitive decline. Early recognition is recommended by NICE and international guidelines. The 4 ‘A’s Test (4AT) is a validated, rapid bedside screening tool widely used in acute settings. Despite this, timely completion in routine practice remains inconsistent. This quality improvement project aimed to improve compliance with 4AT completion within 24 hours of admission in patients aged ≥65 years. Method: A retrospective audit was
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Characteristics and Outcomes of a Frailty-Led Dementia MDT: Exploring the Evidence for Hospital Admission Avoidance

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A Hinchcliffe1; A Symes2; A Noble 2; A Folwell 2; D Harman 2
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Introduction: The Jean Bishop Integrated Care Centre (JBC) operates a unique, primary care-led Dementia Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) specifically designed for patients living with frailty. Unlike traditional memory services, this model integrates dementia specialists with frailty practitioners to manage complex needs in the community. It is also attended by staff from third party sector (alzhiemers society), local CMHTs, social services and carer support. This audit aimed to characterise the patient cohort, evaluate clinical outputs, and examine preliminary evidence regarding the MDT's role in

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Falls Consultant Geriatrician Clinic Referrals Review: Improving Access to Multi-professional Falls Services.

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Wendy Wilkinson
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Introduction: In 2022, new Consultant Therapist roles were recruited to the Care of the Elderly Team at Wrexham Maelor Hospital, when n=189 people were waiting to see a Consultant Geriatrician for falls. The longest wait was n=658 days. A waiting list review commenced in partnership with Community Falls Prevention, Physiotherapy, Pharmacy and Occupational Therapy, Welsh Ambulance services. People with long waits for Falls Clinic were assessed by a Consultant Therapist at home, which saw a reduction in the overall waiting list and highlighted the risk that people were not being referred to the

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The Architecture of Confidence: Mapping the Relationship Between Cognition, Age, and Falls Efficacy

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Rosy Armelia¹*, Susiana Nugraha², Indri Hapsari Susilowati³; Hari Purnomo¹; Hartomo²
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The aging process leads to a decline in body awareness and perception, which significantly impairs balance, coordination, and daily motor functions, thereby increasing vulnerability to mobility limitations. Globally, 45.6 million falls were recorded among individuals aged ≥65 years in 2021. In Indonesia, 29.0% of older adults report a history of falls, with recurrence rates reaching 45.4%. A key concept underlying this issue is falls efficacy, defined as an individual’s confidence in performing daily activities without falling. Low falls efficacy can trigger a maladaptive cycle in which fear
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Impact of a Digital Proactive Care tool, Fr EDA (Frailty End of life Dementia Assessment) on improving quality of care & outcomes across an ICS population of 1.34 million

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Zaidi. S 1,2 ; Dinnage. S 1,2 ; Aggarwal. D 2 ; Little. S 3 ; Lew. E 1, 4
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Introduction: Adults living with frailty, dementia or nearing end of life, frequently experience identification/diagnosis delays, inequalities, avoidable harms, poorer outcomes and premature mortality. Frailty and End of Life Care (EOLC) evidence based Proactive interventions can improve outcomes, yet delivery across providers is low and inconsistent. Mid & South Essex (MSE) has a population of 1.3 million, 114,000 (9%) are estimated to be living with frailty, dementia or may have EOLC needs (most unrecognized), generating over 62% of 999 calls, 90% of hospital occupied bed days, 71% of

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Improving Inpatient Medication Reviews for Older Adults: A Quality Improvement Project at a District General Hospital

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T Anjum 1; M.Abbasi 2;H Anum 2; P Firouznia2
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Introduction Polypharmacy is highly prevalent among older adults and is associated with adverse drug events, falls, delirium, and hospital readmissions. In busy inpatient settings, medication reviews may be inconsistent in timing, structure, and documentation. This Quality Improvement Project (QIP) aimed to improve the quality and consistency of inpatient medication reviews for older adults admitted to geriatric wards at Good Hope Hospital. Method A prospective audit was conducted across five geriatric wards (Wards 9, 11, 12, 15, and 28). Patients aged ≥75 years prescribed ≥5 regular

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Improving the Pathway for Older Patients with Rib Fractures: A Multidisciplinary Quality Improvement Initiative

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Sharon Budd1, Jeffrey Ting1, Lesley Harris2, Amanda Rougeolle3, Maria Kolokotroni4,
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Introduction Rib fractures in older adults are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, mainly due to inadequate pain control and subsequent respiratory complications. Baseline audit demonstrated fragmented care, with admission across multiple specialties and wards and delayed access to specialist input and analgesia. Aims To improve pain management, coordination of care and clinical outcomes for older adults with rib fractures through the implementation of a multidisciplinary care pathway. Methods A multidisciplinary pathway was developed involving emergency medicine, radiology

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A Proxy-Based Adaptation of the Nottingham Trauma Frailty Index for Older Saudi Trauma Patients

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A G ALQARNI1; N ALQURASHI1; N HARTHI3; S CHOWDHURY2; B OLLIVERE4; T NOUH5
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Introduction Frailty is increasingly recognised as a stronger predictor of adverse outcomes following major trauma than chronological age alone. The Nottingham Trauma Frailty Index (NTFI) conceptualises frailty as a multidimensional construct incorporating functional dependence, cognitive impairment, and physiological vulnerability. However, several original NTFI variables are not routinely available at emergency department (ED) presentation. We aimed to develop and evaluate a proxy-based adaptation of the NTFI using routinely collected trauma registry data in Saudi Arabia. Methods We analysed
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