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Brainomix – A Help or a Hindrance in our developing Stroke Services in South Wales?

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Ceara Rice1, Angela Nelmes2, Ben Bridgewater3
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Introduction In 2024 we conducted a service evaluation of our new stroke AI in Wales, Brainomix. We reviewed its sensitivity and specificity at identifying large vessel occlusions (LVO’s) on CT Angiograms (CTA’s) for our stroke patients. The purpose of Brainomix being to assist in rapid detection of LVO’s and support decision making around proceeding to mechanical thrombectomy for appropriate individuals. Multiple studies in recent years have demonstrated improved functional outcomes for patients receiving mechanical thrombectomy. Brainomix was hoped to be pivotal in bringing these

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Protecting Registrar Training: A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Access to Protected SPA and Specialty Clinics

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T Anjum1
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Introduction Supporting Professional Activity (SPA) time and specialty clinic attendance are essential components of higher specialty training. Despite being allocated within work schedules, protected educational time was frequently interrupted by clinical service demands, limiting curriculum progression and trainee development. We aimed to improve reliable access to protected SPA and specialty clinics for Group 1 specialty registrars through low-cost system interventions. MethodA prospective quality improvement project was undertaken in a district general hospital using two Plan–Do–Study–Act

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Evaluating the Safety of Opioid Prescribing in Older Inpatients: A Quality Improvement Project.

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S Ganegoda1; T Kola1; C L T Don1
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Introduction. Opioids are commonly prescribed to older adults but are associated with important adverse effects, including constipation, delirium, sedation, falls, respiratory depression and toxicity, particularly in patients with renal impairment. This quality improvement project assessed the safety and appropriateness of opioid prescribing among older inpatients. Methods. A prospective review was undertaken over four weeks across Newington and McDonald wards at Conquest Hospital, East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust. Thirty inpatients aged ≥65 years who were prescribed an opioid were included
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Can We Predict Prognosis After Hip Fracture? A Review of GSF Accuracy in Orthogeriatric Patients

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J Morris1; H Alam1; E Lines1, C Rippingale1
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Background: The Gold Standards Framework (GSF) is a nationally recognised tool used to identify patients approaching the end-of-life and facilitate advances care planning (ACP). Accurate GSF assignment can improve ACP, support preferred place of care and death, and reduce unnecessary admissions. Mortality following hip fracture is currently 6% within one month and varies from 12.1%-35.8 % globally at one year, making accurate prognostication particularly important in orthogeriatric populations. We therefore evaluated the accuracy of GSF assignment in patients aged over 60 years admitted with

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Beyond Frailty: The Prognostic Value of comorbidity in Non-invasive Ventilation Outcomes

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Marjorie Jaffet; Valerie Aghoghovbia; James Jegard; Myuran Kaneshamoorthy; Charlotte Whitear; Nursyahira Zulkefli; Telli Ezzati; Nimra Iftikhar; Talent Hwandih
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Introduction: Several studies explored the role of frailty in predicting outcomes in critically ill patients. Frailty has been identified as an independent risk factor for all cause morbidity poor outcomes, including mortality, longer hospital stays and complications Rockwood et al. (2005). Muscedere et al. (2017) found that frailty is associated with worse outcomes in patients receiving mechanical ventilation, however there is limited focus on NIV. While NIV is widely used for managing acute respiratory failure, its effectiveness across varying levels of frailty and comorbidity remains

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Back Pain, Bladder Dysfunction and Lower Limb weakness in Older Adults: Improving Recognition of Cauda Equina Syndrome

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R Hurley1; A Jogee2; U Naraine3; I Khuzaima2; M OConnor1.
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Introduction Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is a time-critical neurosurgical emergency in which delayed diagnosis may cause irreversible neurological disability. Diagnosis in older adults is challenging because back pain, bladder dysfunction and reduced mobility commonly coexist with age-related comorbidities. This quality improvement initiative evaluated the clinical characteristics of MRI-confirmed CES in older adults and the effect of introducing routine post-void residual (PVR) measurement. Methods A retrospective clinical audit reviewed adults undergoing lumbosacral MRI for suspected CES at
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Functional Recovery Following Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in Older Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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Samuel Jian Rong Lim1, Hamza Toru2, Adeel Akhtar3
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Introduction Revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) is increasingly performed in an ageing population, but functional recovery and the need for subsequent revision remain important concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes, re-revision rates and mortality following rTHA in a geriatric population. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 145 revision total hip arthroplasty procedures performed in 138 patients between 2021 and 2025. Patient demographics, indications for revision, re-revision, mortality and postoperative mobility were reviewed. Results A total of 145 revision
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Evaluating Management of Suspected Transient Ischaemic Attacks (TIA) in the Emergency Department

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SA Hay 1; X Huang 2; M Whitehead 2; S Ghosh 2; E Ogg 3; E Mulhern 3
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Introduction Suspected Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) is a common and important reason for Emergency Department (ED) presentation in older adults. Local guidance recommends that patients should undergo CT head imaging, be prescribed aspirin and referred to the TIA clinic. However, a suspected TIA can create diagnostic uncertainty, making clinical decision-making challenging. We evaluated adherence to the local referral pathway to guide service improvement opportunities and identify variation in management according to final diagnosis. Method We conducted a retrospective audit of TIA

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Parkinson's Pills - Do our patients "Get it on Time"?

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ZDoak1, ZMuir1
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Introduction: Medication timing is critical for patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). The 'Get It on Time" campaign strives to have PD patients receive their medications within 30 minutes of prescribed time. Methods: Using PDSA methodology, a list of current inpatients with PD was populated and their medicines reconciliation (med rec) repeated to check accuracy of admission prescriptions. HEMA records were analysed to ascertain how many doses in the last 3-5 days of admission were given >30 minutes late. We also collected qualitative data from patients via an in-person survey, asking how

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Increasing the use of "Treatment Escalation Plan" Proformas in Acute Admissions - QIP

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Alice Tyler
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Introduction: A Treatment Escalation Plan (TEP) is used to guide the level of appropriate care for patients at risk of deterioration. The aim is to prevent iatrogenic harm by reducing inappropriate investigations and treatments. Benefits of early escalation discussions are well-documented and TEPs are gold standard in the SIGN 167 guideline. Additionally, clarification of care escalation is undeniably beneficial for out-of-hours teams who may unnecessarily investigate and overtreat. The aim of this audit was to 1) identify barriers to TEP decisions on admission to AMU, and 2) increase the
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Melatonin Biomarkers and Delirium in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies​

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Ganre Akpubi1, Michaela Gilarova2, Szu-Chia Huang2, Salomé Andres2, Gillian E Mead3, Tughrul Arslan4,2, Alasdair M J MacLullich3, Renata L Riha5,6, Dr Maria Gardani7​
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Melatonin biomarkers and delirium in older adults: A systematic review of observational studies Introduction Delirium, a severe clinical syndrome characterised by acute disturbances in attention, awareness and cognition, affects approximately 20–50% of older adults in hospital care. Melatonin, a key regulator of circadian rhythms, has been proposed as a potential biomarker for delirium due to its role in sleep–wake regulation. However, evidence regarding the association between melatonin secretion and delirium remains inconsistent. This systematic review synthesised evidence on the association
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Optimising sensory orientation measures for delirium prevention in older adult inpatients: an audit in Queen Elizabeth University Hospital

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Joshua Toh¹, James Reid²
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Introduction NICE CG103 and SIGN 157 recommend non-pharmacological measures to reduce delirium risk, including visible clocks, day/date orientation, clear signage, and ensuring sensory aids are available and used. This audit assessed compliance with sensory orientation measures on an older adult delirium/dementia ward, then evaluated whether simple ward-based environmental and documentation prompts improved practice. Methods A baseline audit was performed on 14/04/26 on Ward 52, an older adult delirium/dementia ward at Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow. Patients aged ≥65 years with

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Evaluating Patient Self-Assessment of the Clinical Frailty Scale at the Front Door

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Aoibheann Bradley, Victoria Minnis, Ashley McKenzie , Niall Ennis, Carolyn Armstrong, Amy Armstrong
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Background: The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a validated 9-point tool used to assess frailty in older adults, supporting clinical decision-making and care planning. Current guidance recommends CFS assessment at first contact with acute services; however, locally, completion often occurs after review by geriatric teams. This project explored whether a patient/carer-completed CFS questionnaire could facilitate earlier frailty assessment. Aim: To develop a self-completed CFS questionnaire for patients and carers and evaluate its accuracy compared with clinician CFS scores in patients aged over

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Healthcare Needs of Senior Citizens in Upper Mustang, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Field Study

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Suraj Parajuli; Serena Hartmann; Puspa Mani Kharal; Puspa Raj Pant; Tsering Wangmo Gurung; Hem Raj Dhakal; Puspa Bhandari; Santosh Dulal; Tulasi Acharya
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Introduction: Nepal's older population (aged ≥65 years) represents 6.9% of the national total and is growing rapidly. In remote rural areas such as Lomanthang Rural Municipality (R.M.) in Upper Mustang — an isolated high-altitude community at 3,800 m above sea level — the older prevalence reaches 13.1%, yet health and social support infrastructure remains critically insufficient. No previous study has systematically assessed the care needs of senior citizens in this community. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive field study was conducted in Lomanthang R.M. between May and September 2025
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Future Care Plans in Older Adults

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G Rotheram
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I ntroduction: Future Care Plans (FCP) enable individuals to express their preferences for future healthcare, promoting person-centred, proactive care and shared decision-making. NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde recommends that healthcare professionals consider FCP discussions for older people living with one or more long-term conditions who are at increased risk of hospital admission. This quality improvement project aimed to increase FCP completion on Ward 4 and improve documentation of FCPs, Treatment Escalation Plans (TEPs), and Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) decisions
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Pain Assessment in Older Inpatients across Geriatric Wards at King George Hospital: A Clinical Audit

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K Diaz1; A Bajaj1; A Chatterjee1
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Background: Accurate pain assessment is fundamental to effective pain management in older adults. Unrecognised pain is associated with adverse outcomes, including delirium, prolonged hospital stay and reduced quality of life. Although self-report remains the gold standard, some older adults may be unable to reliably report their pain because of cognitive impairment or communication difficulties, making pain more difficult to identify. In these situations, accurate pain assessment depends on healthcare professionals’ knowledge of pain assessment principles and the appropriate use of validated
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Clinical Frailty Scale modifier for Manchester Triage System

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Malvika Bhatia; Thivya Jevanesan; David Walker; Samantha Blackley; Rebecca Weerakoon
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INTRODUCTION: Older adults living with frailty triaged by the Manchester Triage System (MTS) as low acuity had high admission rates, suggesting under-triage. We tested a Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS)-based modifier to improve MTS accuracy in patients aged ≥65, comparing triage category agreement with clinical outcomes over a three-month period. METHOD: A structured quality improvement approach was used. Baseline data was analysed, triage processes mapped, and a measurement plan developed. The new process was co-designed with Acute Medicine consultants, triage nurses, and consultant
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Improving Investigation Result Sign-Off Through Multifaceted Interventions in Elderly Medicine: A Quality Improvement Project

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P Quither; J Deosaran; E Pang; M Amin; E Capek
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Introduction Signing off investigation results is essential to ensure timely and safe patient care. Missed results contribute to adverse patient outcomes and duplication of work. GGC Healthboard moved to electronic sign off of results in 2021; compliance has been poor. Project Aim: 80% of patients in the older patient's wards will have all results signed off within 48 hours of publication. Method Using PDSA methodology we tested several change ideas over 10 months: Creation of standard operating procedure with clear roles for residents and consultants. Shared via email, SharePoint and posters
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Hospital at Home Admission: A Crucial Opportunity for Future Care Planning

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F Bowles1; R Manners1
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Introduction Future care planning (FCP) is indispensable in managing frailty and/or advanced disease, requiring comprehensive discussion of prognosis and treatment options. By articulating what is important to the individual, a personalised future care plan promotes autonomy and dignity. The Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment (RESPECT) process facilitates FCP and had already been implemented within some areas of our NHS Trust. This quality improvement initiative aimed to promote RESPECT implementation within the hospital at home service to improve FCP for older adults
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Recognising nutritional risk status of older adults undergoing elective surgery in a tertiary hospital in Wales.

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Rebecca Male1; Emily Capener2; Charlotte Dowd2; YuenKang Tham3; Margaret Coakley4; Nia Humphry3
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Introduction Malnutrition in older adults undergoing surgery is associated with increased adverse outcomes, hospitalisation and length of stay.  Preoperative nutrition risk screening is recommended for all patients undergoing intermediate or major surgery. In 2024, a Perioperative care of Older People undergoing Surgery (POPS) service was established in a tertiary centre to deliver comprehensive preoperative assessment and optimisation. In the absence of dietetic funding, a nutrition pathway was implemented to identify patients at risk of malnutrition using the Malnutrition Universal Screening

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