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Determining Outcomes of the Geriatrics Surgical Liaison MDT

Authors' names
O Ward; M McGlone; S Smart; M Milligan; J Tilston; K Colquhoun
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Intro The geriatrics surgical liaison MDT aims to identify surgical patients with frailty who would benefit from comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). This involves taking referrals from both the surgical team and AHPs. There are weekly MDT meetings to identify rehab goals and any other relevant aspects of CGA assessment. Aim To determine the outcomes of the geriatrics surgical liaison MDT. Methods All patients who were discussed at the MDT meeting in a 14-week period from March to June 2026 were identified. A review of case notes was carried out to determine outcomes e.g. number of times
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ELLSA Geriatrician Review - Setting Up a Service at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary

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C Gregg1; N Thomson1; K Colquhoun1.
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1.Introduction The Emergency Laparotomy and Laparoscopy Scottish Audit (ELLSA) commenced in 2019. This partly considers whether a geriatrician has reviewed patients undergoing emergency laparotomy aged over 65 with frailty or over 80. The ELLSA 2024 report showed the national average geriatrician review was 32.3% (target 75%). Glasgow Royal Infirmary had no dedicated laparotomy in-reach geriatrician process; therefore, we started developing a service. 2. Method Commencing January 2026, a spreadsheet of all patients over 75 for geriatrician review was made. Referral was placed by a dedicated

Improvement Of Discharge Summaries in Orthopaedics and Orthogeriatrics Perioperative Patients

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H Machnouk1; S Joomye1; R Larsen1
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Introduction: Accurate discharge summaries are essential for ensuring continuity of care, particularly for frail orthopaedic patients. High-quality discharge communication has been associated with reduced post-discharge adverse events, medication errors, and hospital readmissions, while improving patient understanding of management plans. Following feedback from general practitioners regarding incomplete discharge summaries, we undertook this quality improvement project to evaluate the quality of orthopaedic discharge summaries and identify areas requiring improvement to support safe
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Prehabilitation in frail older adults undergoing general surgery: A literature review on outcomes and best practice

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Gabriella Baldacchino
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Background: Individuals aged 60 years and above are undergoing surgical procedures, including resections for solid organ tumours. Surgery poses a significant physiological stress that disrupts normal homeostasis by affecting both the neuroendocrine and immune systems. When coupled with frailty, tumour-related metabolic demand and multiple co-morbidities, surgical stress predisposes older adults to poorer surgical outcomes, lower quality of life and institutionalisation. Prehabilitation aims to improve postoperative outcomes and enhance tolerance to surgical stress by optimising patients’

How do commonly used risk assessment scores compare in predicting perioperative outcomes following hip fracture surgery?

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Avtaar Singh1, Douglas Bairstow1
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Introduction: Hip fractures are associated with significant mortality, prolonged hospital admission and loss of independence in older adults. Several risk assessment scores, including the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) and RHMP30 score, are used to estimate patient risk. This study compared the association between these scoring systems and clinically relevant outcomes following hip fracture surgery to explore whether any score demonstrated a more consistent relationship with patient outcomes. Methods: A
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Developing a POPS Service Within Existing Resources: Data From the First 100 Arthroplasty Patients

Authors' names
A Coward; S Mee; E Hadley; E Ray Chadhuri; J Nutt; H Wilson
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Introduction The NHS is under unprecedented financial pressure, and emerging perioperative services for older people undergoing surgery are often difficult to fund, even where economic modelling suggests potential savings. After securing Royal Surrey Charity funding to join Cohort 4 of the NHS Elect POPS Improvement Collaborative, it became clear that funding for a new proactive POPS service would not be available. The team therefore explored what could be achieved within existing funded services for patients living with frailty who were referred for hip or knee arthroplasty. Method Quality

Twists and turns: A sigmoid volvulus clinical re-audit

Authors' names
F Norridge 1; C Pueblo 1; T Dudding 2 ; I Fecher-Jones 3 ; M West 2, 4
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Introduction: Sigmoid volvulus (SV) is a common cause of large bowel obstruction in older adults, carrying high morbidity, mortality, and recurrence. Following a previous audit, a local SV management pathway based on international guidelines (Tian et al., 2023) was introduced in 2024 to standardise care. This re-audit evaluated pathway compliance and its clinical impact. Methods: Data was extracted retrospectively from electronic inpatient records for all patients admitted with SV between October 2024 and May 2026. Patient status at time of audit was also noted. Measures included demographics

Frailty, Optimisation and Shared Decision-Making: Evaluation of an Orthogeriatric Preoperative Clinic for Older Patients

Authors' names
D Whitehouse; G Shepherd; K Shah; S Ralhan
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The Orthogeriatric pre-operative assessment clinic was established in 2021 at the Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, to support frail older adults being considered for elective orthopaedic procedures, including complex revision surgery. We evaluated outcomes for 50 consecutive patients assessed by the service. We interrogated the notes of 50 patients seen looking at demographics (including age and frailty), comorbidities, origin of referrals, wait times, issues identified in clinic, operation type, post-operative outcomes and mortality. The average wait time for a clinic review was 2.5 weeks

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Who receives a diagnosis of orthostatic hypotension and is it underdiagnosed in patients with frailty?

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Sarah Chowienczyk, Rhian Hopkins, Osei Owusu, Sandra Areekal, Jane Masoli
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Orthostatic Hypotension (OH), defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) drop >=20mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) drop >=10mmHg within three minutes of standing, is associated with falls, cardiovascular risk and cognitive impairment. NICE recommend performing lying and standing blood pressure measurements during falls assessments NG249, 2025. Despite this, OH may being underdiagnosed, a primary care survey showed a symptom driven approach to OH diagnosis that may exclude those with advanced frailty and cognitive impairment McDonagh, 2025. Method Our cohort was 9,052,916 patients aged 60

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Evaluating treatment burden associated with contemporary quadruple heart failure therapy in older adults - a systematic review

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Shereen Ahmad1, Isha Sohail1, Zuha Akthar1
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Background: Heart failure is a predominant cause of hospital admissions, and this mainly affects adults over the age of 65. Extensive research has shown that four-pillar medical therapy increasingly improved clinical outcomes for this age group. Despite this, adherence is relatively poor, particularly in frail adults, to this guideline-directed medical therapy. Thus, it is vital to explore the reasons for non-adherence so that we can treat patients more holistically and continue to improve clinical outcomes in this population. Aim: to evaluate other imperative outcomes of quadruple therapy for

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Improving Peri-Operative Assessment for Older Adults Undergoing Elective Cancer Surgery at Kings College Hospital

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Georgia Whitlow1, Nicola Lochrie 2, Mark Rose3
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Introduction There has been a global increase in the number of older adults undergoing elective and emergency surgery in the last 50 years. Frailty, cognitive dysfunction and multi morbidity negatively impact peri-operative outcomes. Roughly 15% of patients over 65 having surgery at Kings College Hospital are frail but previously there was no pathway in place to perform timely CGA or optimise for surgery. Methods We have set up a Geriatrician led pre-operative clinic for older adults being considered for cancer surgery. We see patients who are over 65 with a CFS of 4 and above with either

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Compliance with NELA and BGS-CPOC Standards in Older Patients Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy: A Single-Centre Audit

Authors' names
S Mathur; S Singh
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Compliance with NELA and BGS-CPOC Standards in Older Patients Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy: A Single-Centre Audit Introduction Frailty is associated with increased postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stay and higher mortality following emergency laparotomy. The British Geriatrics Society–Centre for Perioperative Care (BGS–CPOC) and the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) recommend: frailty assessment within four hours of admission in all patients aged ≥65 years; comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) for patients with frailty and all patients aged ≥80 years; and
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Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) Assessment in Urology Emergency Patients: How are we doing?

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JG Galton, AK James, V Koo
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Introduction: Clinical frailty affects over 1.5 million people in the UK in 2025. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a validated tool recommended nationally for assessing frailty in all emergency hospital admissions over 65 years. Frailty assessment is important for surgical admissions as a CFS score ≥4 is independently associated with increased rate of complications and mortality. The aim of this project is to improve the assessment of frailty in emergency urology admissions at the Alexandra Hospital using the documentation of a CFS score as a primary outcome and social history documentation

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Identifying Patients for Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment: Medical Student-Led Frailty Recognition in General Surgery

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A MacDonald¹; H Mottershead²; H Kolo²; J Lowrie²; S Alder²; L Brodie²; A Bertram²; R Soiza²
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Introduction Older people living with frailty admitted under General Surgery frequently have complex medical needs and experience poorer surgical outcomes. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA)-based perioperative services are therefore recommended. ¹–⁴ Baseline evaluation at NHS Grampian demonstrated limited frailty recognition and no geriatrician-led reviews despite substantial unmet need and an established geriatrics liaison service. A medical student-led quality improvement project was undertaken during the wider development of a General Surgery Perioperative Medicine for Older People

The Clinical Frailty Score as a Tool to Prioritise Ortho-Geriatric Resources: A Retrospective Audit in Aberdeen Royal Infirmary

Authors' names
Erin McDonald 1, Sophie Marriott 1, Jennifer Lowrie 2
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Introduction With an ever-growing frail population, the workload on ortho-geriatric services continues to increase and strategies to prioritise these resources must be identified. Within Aberdeen Royal Infirmary (ARI), the service predominantly comprises a team of ANPs with liaison consultant cover. The department was recently selected for a trial of an increase to daily consultant cover, with Clinical Frailty Scores (CFS) utilised as the triage tool for highlighting those with the highest frailty for increased and early senior medical input. Method Data from a two-week period in December 2025
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One-year outcomes of patients who do not proceed with surgery following comprehensive review in a tertiary centre.

Authors' names
Ff Evans 1; M Coakley 2; N Humphry 3
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Introduction:  The Perioperative care of Older People undergoing Surgery (POPS) team supports optimisation and shared decision-making for older patients living with frailty who are being considered for surgery. Following this comprehensive assessment a proportion of patients (~14%) do not proceed with the planned surgery, but no standardised follow up process is in place. This retrospective study assessed 12-month outcomes for this cohort. Method:  Patients seen by POPS between September 2022 and June 2025 who did not proceed with proposed surgery were selected from the POPS database. Data
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The prevalence of frailty in older patients undergoing emergency surgery at the University Hospital of the West Indies

Authors' names
S. Milton; P. Toppin
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Introduction Jamaica, like many countries worldwide, has experienced a steadily ageing population for several decades. Frailty is defined as an age-related increase in vulnerability to stressors such as acute illness and surgery, and its presence and severity are powerful predictors of adverse surgical outcomes. The prevalence of frailty varies widely and is believed to be high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Recent local data suggest that frailty affects as many as 40% of older elective surgical patients. Given its strong association with perioperative complications and Jamaica’s
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Evaluating the QUAD Score in Patients Aged ≥80 Years with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction 

Authors' names
S Chakravarti (1); L Griffin (1); C Beardmore (1); R Schiff (1,2)
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Introduction Guideline-recommended medical therapy (GRMT) for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) comprises four pillars, and their proactive implementation improves prognosis. The QUAD score promotes GRMT in HFrEF, but its applicability in older, frailer populations remains uncertain. Methods This retrospective observational study included patients ≥80 years with LVEF ≤40% who completed therapy titration between October 2023 – March 2025. Patients were identified from a Cardiology in Older People Service (COPS) and general cardiology clinics. Frailty markers (Clinical Frailty
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Pragmatic Referral Profiles for Perioperative Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in Elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Repair

Authors' names
M Daldry¹ S Wells² J Nicholls³
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Introduction Elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair is increasingly performed in older adults living with frailty and multimorbidity. Advancing technique, particularly endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has widened access for those not previously considered for open surgery, with EVAR rising from 23% to 66% of repairs between 2022 and 2025, total volume nearly tripling within the South-East Wales Vascular Network (SEWVN). Despite national guidance and evidence supporting perioperative Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in Vascular Surgery, no structured referral pathway existed

Closing the Gap: Standardised Board Rounds Reduce Variation in Chest Trauma Care​

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Emma Hartell1,Jasmine Collins1, David Burberry2, Sheena Hubble3.
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Introduction Chest trauma carries significant morbidity, with up to 35% developing complications within 12–48 hours and mortality approaching 20% in frail, high-risk patients. Our hospital manages approximately 350 patients annually, cohorted on a dedicated ward. Initial care is under general surgical/perioperative teams before takeover of care (TOC) by respiratory if appropriate by current SOP. Baseline review demonstrated length of stay (LOS) was below the national average but patients transferred to respiratory experienced disproportionately longer LOS than those managed by perioperative
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